Muslim woman in the context of modernization processes of the early 20th century (based on materials of the Ufa province)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2025-15-1.68-88Keywords:
Muslim woman, mosque, mekteb, charitable society, press, theater, Sabantuy, zemstvo library, Ufa provinceAbstract
The article is devoted to the study of the participation of Muslim women in the social and cultural life of the Ufa province in the early 20th century. At the turn of the century, Ufa became a major center of the Russian ummah. The Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly was located in the provincial center. Considering this circumstance, as well as the specifics of the region (confessional diversity), the historical experience of the Muslim women's movement in the Ufa province is of great interest. Based on a wide range of sources, the work examines the forms of manifestation of the socio-cultural activity of Muslim women under the influence of modernization, closely related to the process of formation of fundamentally new social institutions and the evolution of traditional institutions. The effectiveness of various initiatives of the Muslim women’s society is revealed. The study showed that the socio-political situation prompted the consolidation of Muslim women. They had more opportunities for self-realization, especially in the provincial capital, to reveal their creative potential and form an active life position. As a result, liberal circles of the Muslim clergy recognized the need to reconsider their attitude toward the social status of women.
For citation: Akhtyamova A.V. Muslim woman in the context of modernization processes of the early 20th century (based on materials of the Ufa province). From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2025, vol.15, no.1, pp. 68–88. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2025-15-1.68-88 (In Russian)
References
Azamatova G.B., Azamatov D.D. From the history of Muslim charity in the Ufa province. Problems of Oriental Studies. 2009, no.3 (45), pp.43–52. (In Russian)
Aminova L.Ya. Genesis of female education in Bashkiria: second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century: Dissertation abstract of a Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences. Ufa, 2005. 22 p. (In Russian)
Akhmadullin V.K. Charitable societies of Muslim intellectuals in the Ufa province at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. Bulletin of the Samara State University. 2011, no.88, pp.54–57. (In Russian)
Al-Kamali Z. Women's rights from the point of view of Sharia. Al-Ghalami al-Islami, 1906, June 29. (In Tatar)
Al-Kamali Z. Women's rights from the point of view of Sharia. Al-Ghalami al-Islami, 1906, July 3. (In Tatar)
Bulletin of the Department of Public Education of the Ufa Provincial Zemstvo Council, 1915, no.2. (In Russian)
Bulletin of the Department of Public Education of the Ufa Provincial Zemstvo Council, 1916, no.4. (In Russian)
Gabdrafikova L.R., Abdullin Kh.M. Tatars during the First World War (1914–1918): monograph. Kazan: Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 2015. 396 p. (In Russian)
Gabdulla bin Gabdrakhman. Ufa. Kazan muhbire, 1906, April 30. (In Tatar)
Gizzatullina S., Almyashev I., Kazanskiy G., Samitova F., Bogdanova Z., Surmashev Z. From the “Nur” troupe (letter to the editor). Vakyt, 1915, September 11. (In Tatar)
Domestic politics news. Vakyt, 1907, September May 3. (In Tatar)
Diary of Tatar mullah Mukhammetgarif Rameev. Compiled by R.F. Masagutov, trans. by A.M. Gaynutdinov. Kazan: Grumant Publ., 2022. 180 p. (In Russian and Tatar)
Women's movement in Bashkortostan. 1900–1941: collection of documents and materials. Ed. by R.N. Suleymanova, Sh.N. Isyangulov, G.Yu. Sultanguzhina. Ufa: Gilem Publ., 2007. 274 p. (In Russian)
Zinnatullina A.A. The first muslim women society and its role in the development of enlightenment. News of the A.I. Gertsen Russian State Pedagogical University. 2010, no.126, pp.35–39. (In Russian)
Editorial board. Gratitude. Al-Ghalami al-Islami, 1906, October 5. (In Tatar)
History of Bashkortostan in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. In 2 volumes. Vol.2. Ufa: Ufimskiy poligrafkombinat Publ., 2007. 368 p. (In Russian)
History of Bashkortostan from ancient times to the present day. In 2 volumes. Vol.2. History of Bashkortostan. 20th century. Ed. by I.G. Akmanov, S.F. Kasimov. Ufa: Кitap Publ., 2006. 600 p. (In Russian)
Iskhaki G. Theatre among the Northern Turks. Works: in 15 volumes. Vol.9: Journalism (1917–1926). Compiled by E. Galimzyanova, G. Khusnutdinova, Z. Ramiev. Kazan: Tatar book Publ., 2012. Pp.307–314. (In Tatar)
Kamilya-khanum. Dear Mr. Editor! Al-Ghalami al-Islami, 1906, May 27. (In Tatar)
Koshman L.V. City and urban life in Russia in the 19th century: social and cultural aspects. Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), 2008. 448 p. (In Russian)
Koshcheev A. Report on out-of-school education of the district head for the 1915–1916 academic year in Birsk district. Bulletin of the Department of Public Education of the Ufa Provincial Zemstvo Council, 1916, no.5/6. Pp.95–99 (In Russian)
M.V. Fatima Navruzova. Siberian life, 1914, February 23. (In Russian)
Maksudov B. Explanation of the reasons for the editorial board's failure to fulfill its obligations is not a complaint. Al-Ghalami al-Islami, 1906, October 5. (In Tatar)
Makhmutova A.Kh. To the 130th anniversary of the birth of journalist Fatima-Farida Vagapovа-Nauruzovа. From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region, 2019, no.9, vol.2, pp.158–172. (In Russian)
Mektebs of Ufa province. Statistical outline of Tatar and Bashkir primary schools (mektebs) of Ufa province based on the research data of Ufa provincial zemstvo council of 1912–13. Compiled by M.I. Obukhov. Ufa: Print Publ., 1915. 94 p. (In Russian)
Extracurricular education. Tormysh, 1916, March 22. (In Tatar)
Parishioner. Muslim women in the mosque. Tormysh, 1916, May 4. (In Tatar)
Minnullin Z.S. Excerpts on the history of charitable societies. Gasyrlar avazy – Echo of centuries, 2018, no.2, pp.196–207. (In Tatar)
Muslim refugees. Tormysh, 1915, October 23. (In Tatar)
Muslim women's society. Vakyt, 1908, January 8. (In Tatar)
Nur troupe will remain in Ufa. Tormysh, 1916, August 14. (In Tatar)
Navruzov M.-V. Ufa – October 18. Tormysh, 1913, October 18. (In Tatar)
Report of the Ufa Muslim Ladies' Society for 1911. Ufa: Print Publ., 1912. 10 p. (In Russian)
Report of the Ufa Muslim Ladies' Society for 1912. Ufa: N.V. Sharovkin steam typo-lithography Publ., 1912. 15 p. (In Russian)
Report of the Ufa Muslim Ladies' Society for 1913. Ufa: Eastern Printing Publ., 1914. 15 p. (In Russian)
Report of the Ufa Muslim Ladies' Society for 1914. Ufa: Eastern Printing Publ., 1916. 11 p. (In Russian)
First general population census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Ed. by N.A. Troinitsky. Vol.45. Ufa Province: notebook 2. St. Petersburg: Central Statistical Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 1904. 189 p. (In Russian)
Pleshko S.P. Brief overview of digital data on the Ufa province. First general population census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Ed. by N.A. Troinitsky. Vol.45. Ufa Province: notebook 2 (last). St. Petersburg: Central Statistical Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 1904. Pp.3–11. (In Russian)
Sabantuy. Tormysh, 1915, May 13. (In Tatar)
Sabantuy. Sparks, 1914, no.23. URL: https://vivaldi.nlr.ru/pm000031709/view/?#page=5 (accessed: 05.12.2024). (In Russian)
Salikhova A.R. Ufa State Tatar theatre "Nur": traditions and modernity. Traditions and innovations in the space of modern culture: materials of the 3rd All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference, Lipetsk, April 15–16, 2021. Lipetsk: P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shanskiy Lipetsk State Pedagogical University, 2021. Pp.147–151. (In Russian)
Samad. May 29, 30 Sabantuy in favor of the Ufa Charity Society. Tormysh, 1916, June 1. (In Tatar)
Samad. Speech delivered in the theater. Tormysh, 1916, October 1. (In Tatar)
Collection of statistical, historical and archaeological information on the former Orenburg and current Ufa provinces, collected and developed during 1866 and 1867. Ed. by N.A. Gurvich. Ufa: Ufa Provincial Statistical Committee Publ., 1868. 119 p. (In Russian)
Sirazi. Sabantuy in Ufa. Yulduz, 1913, June 6. (In Tatar)
Sultanov Iskanderbek. Muslim Women's Society. Vakyt, 1907, December 28. (In Tatar)
Late news. Kazan muhbire, 1906, March 3. (In Tatar)
Sterlitamak news. From our correspondents. Vakyt, 1915, April 17. (In Tatar)
Suleymanova R.N. Strength in unity! Women's societies in Bashkortostan at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. A brief historical essay. Ufa: Belaya Reka Publ., 2008. 135 p. (In Russian)
Tatar theater (1906–1926). Kazan: Magarif Publ., 2003. 308 p. (In Tatar)
Angry. Tatar theater. Tan yulduzy, 1906, October 4. (In Tatar)
Muslim schools of Ufa province (zemstvo statistics). Tormysh, 1915, October 15. (In Tatar)
Muslim schools of Ufa province (zemstvo statistics). Tormysh, 1915, October 16. (In Tatar)
Muslim schools that existed in the Ufa province. Vakyt, 1913, December 8. (In Tatar)
Ufa news. Tormysh, 1914, May 9. (In Tatar)
Ufa news. Tormysh, 1914, May 29. (In Tatar)
In Ufa. Tormysh, 1915, March 6. (In Tatar)
In Ufa. Tormysh, 1915, May 5. (In Tatar)
In Ufa. Tormysh, 1915, November 4. (In Tatar)
Ufa Muslim Ladies' Society (dedicated to Ufa ladies). Tormysh, 1915, February 25. (In Tatar)
Questions about women visiting the mosque and about hijab. Vakyt, 1915, May 14. (In Tatar)
Faizov S.F. Russian Muslim women’s movement for women’s rights in 1917: pages of history. Nizhniy Novgorod: Mahinur Publ., 2005. 106 p. (In Russian)
Khabutdinov A.Yu., Imasheva M.M., Khabutdinova M.M. The socio-political movement of Muslim women in the Volga-Ural region in 1917. Zhenshchina v rossiĭskom obshchestve, no.1, pp.135–151. https://doi.org/10.21064/WinRS.2023.1.10 (In Russian)
On the occasion of the passing of Khasangata khazrat. Vakyt, 1915, May 20. (In Tatar)
Shilova R.R. Assistance to refugees in Ufa province during the World War I. Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye nauki – Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, 2017, vol. 22, no.2 (166), pp.106–111. https://doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2017-22-2(166)-106-111 (In Russian).
Yunusova A.B. Islam in Bashkortostan. Ufa: Ufimskiy Poligrafkombinat Publ., 1999. 352 p.
Yamaeva L.A. Muslim liberalism of the early 20th century century as a socio-political movement (based on materials of Ufa and Orenburg provinces). Ufa: Gilem Publ., 2002. 300 p. (In Russian)
Issues of women’s education in the Tatar periodical press of the early 20th century: collection of documents. Compiled by Murtazina L.R., Zinnatullina A.A. Kazan: Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences Publ., 2020. 380 p. (In Tatar)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Akhtyamova A.V.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Content is available under 