Tatar peasantry of the Bashkir ASSR in the 1920s–1950s

Abstract

The article shows trends, factors of changes in the number, life activity of rural Tatars of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the 1920s – 1950s. The history of the Tatar peasantry of Bashkortostan in the Soviet period is inseparable from the history of the peasants of Russia as a whole. As a result of complex, ambiguously interpreted ethnogenetic processes, by the beginning of the 20th century, the demographic majority of the north-west and west of modern Bashkortostan were Tatars. According to the census of 1926, were recorded a significant number of Bashkirs, who considered the Tatar language their native language. The 1939 census recorded a very small increase in the Bashkir population, even though the growth rates of the number of Tatars were higher than the average growth rates of the total population in the republic. The quantitative composition of the Tatar peasants of this region during this period decreased at a lower rate relative to the villagers of other nationalities of this region. By the end of the 1950s, the main trend in changing the demographic picture of the Tatar rural population in the Bashkir ASSR was determined by migration and population reduction. They were caused by the high rates of industrialization of the economy of the republic and the secondary attitude of the state to the development of the agricultural sector. According to the degree of urbanization, the Tatars occupied an intermediate position between the Russians and Bashkirs.

For citation: Gallyamova A.G. Tatar peasantry of the Bashkir ASSR in the 1920s–1950s. From the History and Culture of the peoples of the Middle Volga region. 2023, vol.13, no.2, pp.83–94. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2023-13-2.83-94 (In Russian)